ABSTRACT
Marsdenia tenacissima injection, a standard Marsdenia tenacissima extract (MTE), has been approved as an adjuvant therapeutic agent for various cancers. Our previous study showed that MTE inhibited the proliferation and metastasis of prostate cancer (PCa) cells. However, the underlying mechanisms and active ingredients of MTE against PCa were not completely understood. This study revealed that MTE induced significant decreases in cell viability and clonal growth in PCa cells. In addition, MTE induced the apoptosis of DU145 cells by reducing the mitochondrial membrane potential and increasing the expression of Cleaved Caspase 3/7, Cyt c, and Bax. In vivo, DU145 xenografted NOD-SCID mice treated with MTE showed significantly decreased tumor size. TUNEL staining and Western blot confirmed the pro-apoptotic effects of MTE. Network pharmacology analysis collected 196 ingredients of MTE linked to 655 potential targets, and 709 PCa-associated targets were retrieved, from which 149 overlapped targets were screened out. Pathway enrichment analysis showed that the HIF-1, PI3K-AKT, and ErbB signaling pathways were closely related to tumor apoptosis. Western blot results confirmed that MTE increased the expression of p-AKTSer473 and p-GSK3βSer9, and decreased the expression of p-STAT3Tyr705in vitro and in vivo. A total of 13 compounds in MTE were identified by HPLC-CAD-QTOF-MS/MS and UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS. Molecular docking analysis indicated that six compounds may interact with AKT, GSK3β, and STAT3. In conclusion, MTE induces the endogenous mitochondrial apoptosis of PCa by regulating the AKT/GSK3β/STAT3 signaling axis, resulting in inhibition of PCa growth in vitro and in vivo.
Subject(s)
Mice , Animals , Male , Humans , Mice, Inbred NOD , Mice, SCID , Marsdenia , Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt , Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta , Molecular Docking Simulation , Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases , Tandem Mass Spectrometry , Prostatic Neoplasms , Apoptosis , STAT3 Transcription FactorABSTRACT
Glycosidases are widely used in food and pharmaceutical industries due to its ability to hydrolyze the glycosidic bonds of various sugar-containing compounds including glycosides, oligosaccharides and polysaccharides to generate derivatives with important physiological and pharmacological activity. While glycosidases often need to be used under high temperature to improve reaction efficiency and reduce contamination, most glycosidases are mesophilic enzymes with low activity under industrial production conditions. It is therefore critical to improve the thermo-stability of glycosidases. This review summarizes the recent advances achieved in engineering the thermo-stability of glycosidases using strategies such as directed evolution, rational design and semi-rational design. We also compared the pros and cons of various techniques and discussed the future prospects in this area.
Subject(s)
Glycoside Hydrolases/genetics , Oligosaccharides , Polysaccharides , Protein EngineeringABSTRACT
Lateral flow chromatography is a new rapid detection and sensing technology,has the advantages of low cost,convenient to use and rapid detection.This method can better meet the requirements of quality and safety surveillance and on-site rapid screening by comparing with the physical and chemical detection methods which are expensive,complicated to operate and require high detection environment.In this paper,the lateral flow chromatography strips were introduced including the test methods,the classification of marking materials and their practical applications in various fields.The researches on the application of lateral flow chromatography strips in biological and food safety testing was reviewed including the advantages and the current research status.The existing bottlenecks and the future development direction were also analyzed.These can provide insight for the further application and in-depth research of strip rapid detection technologies.
ABSTRACT
The rapid detection technology in food safety plays a vital role in the field of preventive medicine.The traditional physical and chemical detection methods have some limitations,such as costly,difficult to operate and high requirements on environment,can not meet the needs of quality and safety on-site rapid screening,and are gradually replaced by emerging sensor detection technologies.The aptamer-upconversion biosensor technology is a novel rapid detection technology,which is based on the combination of functionalized upconversion nanomaterials and aptamer technology.Compared with the traditional immunofluorescence technology,it has advantages in sensitivity,specificity and stability,and is widely used in rapid detection.In this paper,the upconversion luminescence and aptamer technologies were briefly introduced,and the aptamer-based upconverting phosphor biosensing technology and its application in rapid detection of food safety were summarized.Based on the current research status,the bottleneck and the future development trend of this technology were analyzed,which provides a reference for the application of this technology in food safety and other fields.